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DPRK provides optional day care for children from the ages of 3 mo to 4 y in nurseries.

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Medical treatment is free and available to the entire population.Д¬hild care is seen as a state responsibility, allowing women to be economically active. Physicians are responsible for districts of в€ј950 families. There are в€ј30 physicians and surgeons, 11 nurses and 6 maternity assistants per 10,000 people. The health system in DPRK includes 8177 hospitals of various kinds across the country with a capacity of 200,000 beds (DPRK 1995, UNICEF 1997). Domestic food production is largely carried out on cooperative farms involving an estimated 37% of the population. In August 1997, the average PDS distribution was about 100 g cereals per person per day, which is far below the daily requirement. This distribution is based on a work-points system that accounts for the physical requirements of a specific job. Even with all of the food assistance pledged and delivered by international agencies, DPRK was в€ј1 million metric tons short of projected need in 1997.ДЄll basic necessities in DPRK are allocated through the Public Distribution System (PDS), a ration system in which the country purchases food from surplus-producing collective farms and sells it to others at a heavily subsidized rate. The total requirement of the country is about 5.0 million metric tons. It is estimated that between 1.6 and 1.9 million metric tons of corn and rice were lost.ДPRK's yearly harvest of cereals has declined from 4.8 million metric tons in 1991 to 3.7 million metric tons in 1996 and is estimated to be 3.0 million metric tons for 1997 (FAO/WFP 1997). The 1997 drought is believed to have had the worst effect on the yearly harvest and will potentially affect next year's harvest as well. The 1996 floods damaged 117 counties, affected 3 million people and destroyed в€ј300,000 tons of grain.

About 5.2 million people were affected and в€ј1.9 million tons 3 of grain were destroyed. The 1995 floods caused damage in 145 of the total 200 counties. These disasters included hailstorms in 1994, floods in 19, drought in 1997 and tidal waves in 1997 (FAO/WFP 1995, 19). In addition to economic and credit problems, DPRK has recently suffered major natural disasters. The gross national product was about U.S. The government is a centralized socialist economic system. The land size is 122,762 square kilometers в€ј20% is suitable for farming. DPRK is administratively divided into 9 provinces and 3 municipalities that are subdivided into 200 counties. The capital, Pyongyang, has в€ј2.7 million inhabitants. The Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (DPRK), in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, has a total population estimated as 23.9 million in 1996, в€ј60% of which is urbanized (DPRK 1995, UNICEF 1997). Malnutrition, famine, child development, anthropometry, North Korea The findings from this survey indicate the presence of areas with severe acute or chronic malnutrition in the DPRK. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (wasting), based on weight-for-height Z-score < в€’2, varied from 0 to 32.7% among institutions, and the prevalence of chronic malnutrition (stunting), based on height-for-age < в€’2 Z-score varied from 0.6 to 74.1%. Additional information was obtained on institutional access to food and on the care, treatment and parental support of a subsample of severely malnourished and nonmalnourished children. The survey measured the height and weight of a total of 3984 children <7 y of age in 40 government-selected institutions. The World Food Programme (WFP) conducted a nutritional assessment survey in August 1997. To improve understanding of the magnitude of food deficiency in the DPRK.

The international community has responded by providing emergency food aid. Natural disasters have caused extensive damage to crops and to infrastructure in the Democratic People's Republic of North Korea (DPRK).

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